HTML artifacts: render agent-sent HTML/CSS/JS code blocks in an in-app WebView (Android platform WebView, desktop JCEF/KCEF) via a full-screen preview; artifact card with Preview button + code toggle, shown only once the message stops streaming; webview-multiplatform 1.9.40 + KCEF deps, detection + unit tests

app/desktopApp/build.gradle.kts

@@ -28,6 +28,16 @@ compose.desktop {
     }
 }
 
+// M9: KCEF (JCEF/Chromium) for HTML artifact previews needs AWT reflection
+// access on modern JDKs. Applied to the `run` task (JavaExec) and, below, to
+// the jpackage `--java-options`.
+afterEvaluate {
+    tasks.withType<JavaExec> {
+        jvmArgs("--add-opens", "java.desktop/sun.awt=ALL-UNNAMED")
+        jvmArgs("--add-opens", "java.desktop/java.awt.peer=ALL-UNNAMED")
+    }
+}
+
 // ── M6: native packaging (docs/11 §11.4) ─────────────────────────────────
 // `./gradlew :desktopApp:jpackage` builds a self-contained app image under
 // build/jpackage (JRE bundled). `./gradlew :desktopApp:jpackage
@@ -78,5 +88,8 @@ tasks.register<Exec>("jpackage") {
         "--icon", file("src/main/resources/icon.png").absolutePath,
         "--dest", destDir.absolutePath,
         "--java-options", "-Xmx1g",
+        // M9: KCEF (JCEF) AWT reflection access (see the JavaExec block above).
+        "--java-options", "--add-opens=java.desktop/sun.awt=ALL-UNNAMED",
+        "--java-options", "--add-opens=java.desktop/java.awt.peer=ALL-UNNAMED",
     )
 }

app/settings.gradle.kts

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ dependencyResolutionManagement {
     repositories {
         mavenCentral()
         google()
+        // KCEF (desktop WebView backend) pulls jogamp artifacts from here.
+        maven("https://jogamp.org/deployment/maven")
     }
 }
 

app/shared/build.gradle.kts

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ val composeVersion = "1.7.3"
 val coroutinesVersion = "1.9.0"
 val serializationVersion = "1.7.3"
 val okhttpVersion = "4.12.0"
+// Pinned to 1.9.40: the last release built against Compose 1.7.x (1.7.1);
+// 2.0.x moves to Compose 1.8+. HTML artifact previews (M9): Android uses the
+// platform WebView, desktop uses KCEF (JCEF/Chromium, downloaded on first use).
+val webviewVersion = "1.9.40"
+val kcefVersion = "2024.04.20.3"
 // Pinned to 0.33.0: the last release built against Compose 1.7.x / Kotlin 2.1.x
 // (0.34.0+ moves to Compose 1.8+). Provides GFM tables, bold/italic/underscore,
 // and the -code module for language-aware syntax highlighting (Highlights).
@@ -45,10 +50,19 @@ kotlin {
             implementation("com.mikepenz:multiplatform-markdown-renderer:$markdownVersion")
             implementation("com.mikepenz:multiplatform-markdown-renderer-m3:$markdownVersion")
             implementation("com.mikepenz:multiplatform-markdown-renderer-code:$markdownVersion")
+            // M9: HTML artifact previews — WebView composable (platform WebView
+            // on Android, KCEF/JCEF on desktop).
+            implementation("io.github.kevinnzou:compose-webview-multiplatform:$webviewVersion")
         }
         commonTest.dependencies {
             implementation(kotlin("test"))
         }
+        // M9: KCEF (JCEF/Chromium) for desktop HTML artifact previews. The
+        // webview library exposes it transitively, but we reference KCEF
+        // directly (init + progress) so declare it explicitly.
+        desktopMain.dependencies {
+            implementation("dev.datlag:kcef:$kcefVersion")
+        }
         // M4: ExoPlayer (Media3) for inline audio/video playback (Android only).
         androidMain.dependencies {
             // M7: EncryptedSharedPreferences for the pairing token

app/shared/src/androidMain/kotlin/iris/platform/AndroidWebView.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package iris.platform
+
+import androidx.activity.OnBackPressedCallback
+import androidx.activity.compose.LocalOnBackPressedDispatcherOwner
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.DisposableEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberUpdatedState
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import com.multiplatform.webview.web.WebView
+import com.multiplatform.webview.web.rememberWebViewStateWithHTMLData
+
+/**
+ * M9: HTML artifact preview on Android — the platform WebView (JavaScript
+ * enabled by default in the library's WebSettings).
+ */
+@Composable
+actual fun PlatformWebView(html: String, modifier: Modifier) {
+    val state = rememberWebViewStateWithHTMLData(data = html)
+    WebView(state, modifier = modifier)
+}
+
+@Composable
+actual fun Modifier.handleSystemBack(onBack: () -> Unit): Modifier {
+    val dispatcher = LocalOnBackPressedDispatcherOwner.current?.onBackPressedDispatcher
+    val currentOnBack = rememberUpdatedState(onBack)
+    DisposableEffect(dispatcher) {
+        if (dispatcher != null) {
+            val callback = object : OnBackPressedCallback(true) {
+                override fun handleOnBackPressed() {
+                    currentOnBack.value()
+                }
+            }
+            dispatcher.addCallback(callback)
+            onDispose { callback.remove() }
+        }
+        onDispose { }
+    }
+    return this
+}

app/shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/iris/IrisApp.kt

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import iris.data.SecureStore
 import iris.net.GatewayClient
 import iris.platform.setActiveController
 import iris.state.IrisController
+import iris.ui.ArtifactPreviewOverlay
 import iris.ui.screens.ChatScreen
 import iris.ui.screens.ConnectScreen
 import iris.ui.theme.IrisColors
@@ -96,6 +97,9 @@ fun IrisApp(
                         // without blocking the view (M7's full-screen spinner is gone).
                         else -> ChatScreen(controller)
                     }
+                    // M9: full-screen HTML artifact preview (opened from an
+                    // artifact card in the chat); covers everything while open.
+                    ArtifactPreviewOverlay()
                 }
             }
         }

app/shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/iris/platform/PlatformWebView.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package iris.platform
+
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+
+/**
+ * M9: renders [html] in an in-app WebView with JavaScript enabled.
+ *
+ * Platform actuals: Android → the platform WebView; desktop → JCEF (KCEF),
+ * whose Chromium binary is downloaded on first use (the caller shows a
+ * progress indicator until it is ready).
+ */
+@Composable
+expect fun PlatformWebView(html: String, modifier: Modifier)
+
+/** Consumes the system back button (Android) while applied; no-op elsewhere. */
+@Composable
+expect fun Modifier.handleSystemBack(onBack: () -> Unit): Modifier

app/shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/iris/ui/HtmlArtifact.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+package iris.ui
+
+import androidx.compose.foundation.background
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Spacer
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.width
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Close
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Code
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.CodeOff
+import androidx.compose.material3.Button
+import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
+import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
+import androidx.compose.material3.IconButton
+import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.State
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.TextStyle
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import dev.snipme.highlights.Highlights
+import iris.platform.PlatformWebView
+import iris.platform.handleSystemBack
+import iris.ui.theme.IrisColors
+
+/**
+ * M9: HTML artifact support. When the agent emits a complete HTML document
+ * (HTML + CSS + JS) in a fenced code block, the bubble renders an artifact
+ * card instead of plain highlighted code. "Preview" opens the document in a
+ * full-screen in-app WebView with JavaScript enabled, so interactive scripts
+ * run inside the app.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * True when a fenced code block should be rendered as a runnable HTML
+ * artifact: an explicit ```html / ```htm language tag, or an untagged block
+ * that starts with a complete HTML document.
+ */
+fun isHtmlArtifact(language: String?, code: String): Boolean {
+    val lang = language?.trim()?.lowercase()
+    if (lang == "html" || lang == "htm") return true
+    if (lang != null) return false
+    val head = code.trimStart().take(64).lowercase()
+    return head.startsWith("<!doctype html") || head.startsWith("<html")
+}
+
+/** The document's <title> (card / overlay header), or null when absent. */
+fun htmlTitle(code: String): String? =
+    TITLE_REGEX.find(code)?.groupValues?.get(1)?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+
+private val TITLE_REGEX =
+    Regex("<title[^>]*>(.*?)</title>", setOf(RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE, RegexOption.DOT_MATCHES_ALL))
+
+/** The artifact currently open in the full-screen preview (null = closed). */
+data class ArtifactPreviewData(val html: String, val title: String?)
+
+/**
+ * Process-wide preview state: the artifact card (deep in the message list)
+ * writes here, the overlay at the app root reads it.
+ */
+object ArtifactPreview {
+    private val _current = mutableStateOf<ArtifactPreviewData?>(null)
+    val current: State<ArtifactPreviewData?> get() = _current
+
+    fun show(html: String, title: String?) {
+        _current.value = ArtifactPreviewData(html, title)
+    }
+
+    fun hide() {
+        _current.value = null
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Artifact card shown in place of a highlighted HTML code block: title row
+ * with a Preview button (opens the full-screen overlay) and a code toggle
+ * (reveals the highlighted source with its copy button).
+ */
+@Composable
+fun HtmlArtifactCard(
+    code: String,
+    style: TextStyle,
+    highlights: Highlights.Builder,
+) {
+    val title = remember(code) { htmlTitle(code) }
+    var showCode by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    Column(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
+        Surface(
+            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+            shape = RoundedCornerShape(12.dp),
+            color = IrisColors.panel,
+        ) {
+            Row(
+                modifier = Modifier.padding(start = 12.dp, top = 6.dp, bottom = 6.dp, end = 2.dp),
+                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+            ) {
+                Icon(
+                    imageVector = Icons.Filled.Code,
+                    contentDescription = null,
+                    tint = IrisColors.statusGreen,
+                    modifier = Modifier.size(20.dp),
+                )
+                Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(10.dp))
+                Column(modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) {
+                    Text(
+                        text = title ?: "HTML artifact",
+                        color = IrisColors.textBright,
+                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+                        maxLines = 1,
+                        overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+                    )
+                    Text(
+                        text = "Interactive HTML preview",
+                        color = IrisColors.textMuted,
+                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+                        maxLines = 1,
+                        overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+                    )
+                }
+                Button(
+                    onClick = { ArtifactPreview.show(code, title) },
+                    contentPadding = androidx.compose.foundation.layout.PaddingValues(
+                        horizontal = 12.dp,
+                        vertical = 4.dp,
+                    ),
+                ) {
+                    Text("Preview", style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium)
+                }
+                IconButton(onClick = { showCode = !showCode }) {
+                    Icon(
+                        imageVector = if (showCode) Icons.Filled.CodeOff else Icons.Filled.Code,
+                        contentDescription = if (showCode) "Hide code" else "Show code",
+                        tint = IrisColors.textSecondary,
+                    )
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (showCode) {
+            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(6.dp))
+            CodeBlockWithCopy(code = code, language = "html", style = style, highlights = highlights)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Full-screen artifact preview overlay (rendered at the app root). Covers the
+ * whole window; the header close button and the system back button (Android)
+ * dismiss it.
+ */
+@Composable
+fun ArtifactPreviewOverlay() {
+    val preview by ArtifactPreview.current
+    if (preview == null) return
+    val data = preview!!
+    Box(
+        modifier = Modifier
+            .fillMaxSize()
+            .background(IrisColors.background)
+            .handleSystemBack { ArtifactPreview.hide() },
+    ) {
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
+            Row(
+                modifier = Modifier
+                    .fillMaxWidth()
+                    .padding(start = 8.dp, end = 2.dp, top = 4.dp, bottom = 4.dp),
+                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+            ) {
+                Icon(
+                    imageVector = Icons.Filled.Code,
+                    contentDescription = null,
+                    tint = IrisColors.statusGreen,
+                    modifier = Modifier.size(20.dp),
+                )
+                Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(10.dp))
+                Text(
+                    text = data.title ?: "HTML preview",
+                    modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+                    color = IrisColors.textBright,
+                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium,
+                    maxLines = 1,
+                    overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+                )
+                IconButton(onClick = { ArtifactPreview.hide() }) {
+                    Icon(
+                        imageVector = Icons.Filled.Close,
+                        contentDescription = "Close preview",
+                        tint = IrisColors.textSecondary,
+                    )
+                }
+            }
+            HorizontalDivider(color = IrisColors.divider)
+            PlatformWebView(html = data.html, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize().weight(1f))
+        }
+    }
+}
+

app/shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/iris/ui/MarkdownText.kt

@@ -60,6 +60,10 @@ fun MarkdownText(
     color: Color,
     fontSize: TextUnit,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    // M9: while the message is still streaming, HTML code blocks render as
+    // plain highlighted code — the artifact card (and its runnable preview)
+    // only appears once the message is complete.
+    isStreaming: Boolean = false,
 ) {
     val state = rememberMarkdownState(text)
     // The app is always dark-themed, so force the dark highlight palette
@@ -159,13 +163,21 @@ fun MarkdownText(
         components = markdownComponents(
             codeFence = { model ->
                 MarkdownCodeFence(model.content, model.node, model.typography.code) { code, language, style ->
+                    if (!isStreaming && isHtmlArtifact(language, code)) {
+                        HtmlArtifactCard(code = code, style = style, highlights = highlights)
+                    } else {
                         CodeBlockWithCopy(code = code, language = language, style = style, highlights = highlights)
                     }
+                }
             },
             codeBlock = { model ->
                 MarkdownCodeBlock(model.content, model.node, model.typography.code) { code, language, style ->
+                    if (!isStreaming && isHtmlArtifact(language, code)) {
+                        HtmlArtifactCard(code = code, style = style, highlights = highlights)
+                    } else {
                         CodeBlockWithCopy(code = code, language = language, style = style, highlights = highlights)
                     }
+                }
             },
             // The core default checkbox renders literal "[x]"/"[ ]" text; use the
             // Material 3 checkbox instead.
@@ -184,9 +196,10 @@ fun MarkdownText(
 /**
  * Renders a highlighted code block with a copy button in the top-right corner
  * (Telegram-style). Tapping the button copies the whole block to the clipboard.
+ * Also used by [HtmlArtifactCard] to reveal the source of an HTML artifact.
  */
 @Composable
-private fun CodeBlockWithCopy(
+internal fun CodeBlockWithCopy(
     code: String,
     language: String?,
     style: TextStyle,

app/shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/iris/ui/screens/ChatScreen.kt

@@ -1921,6 +1921,7 @@ private fun MessageBubble(
                             if (msg.streaming) " ▉" else "",
                         color = textColor,
                         fontSize = 15.sp,
+                        isStreaming = msg.streaming,
                     )
                 }
                 // M7: timestamp + delivery status on their own line at the
@@ -1963,6 +1964,7 @@ private fun MessageBubble(
                         color = textColor,
                         fontSize = if (isCommentary) 13.sp else 15.sp,
                         modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                        isStreaming = msg.streaming,
                     )
                 }
             }

app/shared/src/commonTest/kotlin/iris/ui/HtmlArtifactTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package iris.ui
+
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import kotlin.test.assertNull
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
+
+class HtmlArtifactTest {
+
+    @Test
+    fun htmlLanguageTagIsArtifact() {
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact("html", "<p>hi</p>"))
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact("htm", "<p>hi</p>"))
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact("HTML", "<p>hi</p>"))
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact(" html ", "<p>hi</p>"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun otherLanguageTagsAreNotArtifacts() {
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact("css", "<style>x</style>"))
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact("js", "console.log(1)"))
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact("kotlin", "fun main() {}"))
+        // Even a full document inside a non-html fence is not an artifact.
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact("text", "<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun untaggedCompleteDocumentIsArtifact() {
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact(null, "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html><body>hi</body></html>"))
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact(null, "  <html><body>hi</body></html>"))
+        assertTrue(isHtmlArtifact(null, "<HTML><BODY>hi</BODY></HTML>"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun untaggedFragmentIsNotArtifact() {
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact(null, "<div>just a fragment</div>"))
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact(null, "Some prose with <b>bold</b> inside."))
+        assertFalse(isHtmlArtifact(null, ""))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun extractsTitle() {
+        assertEquals(
+            "My Page",
+            htmlTitle("<html><head><title>My Page</title></head><body></body></html>"),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            "Spaced",
+            htmlTitle("<title>  Spaced  </title>"),
+        )
+        // Case-insensitive, attributes allowed.
+        assertEquals(
+            "X",
+            htmlTitle("<TITLE lang=\"en\">X</TITLE>"),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun missingOrEmptyTitleIsNull() {
+        assertNull(htmlTitle("<html><body>no title</body></html>"))
+        assertNull(htmlTitle("<title></title>"))
+        assertNull(htmlTitle("<title>   </title>"))
+    }
+}

app/shared/src/desktopMain/kotlin/iris/platform/DesktopWebView.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package iris.platform
+
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import com.multiplatform.webview.web.WebView
+import com.multiplatform.webview.web.rememberWebViewStateWithHTMLData
+import dev.datlag.kcef.KCEF
+import iris.ui.theme.IrisColors
+import java.io.File
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+
+/**
+ * M9: HTML artifact preview on desktop — JCEF (Chromium) via KCEF.
+ *
+ * KCEF is initialized once per process, lazily on the first artifact
+ * preview. The JCEF/Chromium binary is downloaded from the pinned
+ * JetBrainsRuntime release on first use and cached in ~/.iris/kcef-bundle,
+ * so later starts (and the packaged app) reuse it.
+ */
+private val kcefReady = MutableStateFlow(false)
+private val kcefProgress = MutableStateFlow(0f)
+private val kcefError = MutableStateFlow<String?>(null)
+
+private suspend fun ensureKcefInitialized() {
+    if (kcefReady.value) return
+    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        KCEF.init(
+            builder = {
+                installDir(File(System.getProperty("user.home"), ".iris/kcef-bundle"))
+                // Pinned to the JBR 17 release the KCEF 2024.04.20.x line was
+                // built against; the default "latest" JBR may be JDK 21-based
+                // and is not guaranteed compatible.
+                download {
+                    github { release("jbr-release-17.0.12b1207.37") }
+                }
+                settings {
+                    cachePath = File(System.getProperty("user.home"), ".iris/kcef-cache").absolutePath
+                }
+                progress {
+                    onDownloading { kcefProgress.value = it }
+                    onInitialized { kcefReady.value = true }
+                }
+            },
+            onError = { kcefError.value = it?.message ?: "Preview engine failed to start" },
+            onRestartRequired = { kcefError.value = "Restart the app to finish setting up previews" },
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+actual fun PlatformWebView(html: String, modifier: Modifier) {
+    val ready by kcefReady.collectAsState()
+    val progress by kcefProgress.collectAsState()
+    val error by kcefError.collectAsState()
+    LaunchedEffect(Unit) { ensureKcefInitialized() }
+    Box(modifier = modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
+        when {
+            error != null -> {
+                Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
+                    Text(error!!, color = IrisColors.errorText)
+                }
+            }
+            !ready -> {
+                Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
+                    Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
+                        CircularProgressIndicator(progress = { progress })
+                        Text(
+                            text = "Preparing preview… ${progress.toInt()}%",
+                            color = IrisColors.textSecondary,
+                        )
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else -> {
+                val state = rememberWebViewStateWithHTMLData(data = html)
+                WebView(state, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+actual fun Modifier.handleSystemBack(onBack: () -> Unit): Modifier = this